Important Biology terms a-z List

Biology terms a-z: The study of Life is Biology. The word Biology is coined from the Greek word “Bios” and “Logos”. The Bios means Life and the Logos means Study. It is very important because it helps us understand the living world’s functioning and interact with one another. In this post, we will learn some most important Biology terms from a to z.

Important Biology Terms from A to Z

• Anatomy – Study of internal structure of organism
• Agrology – Soil science dealing specially with production of crop.
• Agronomy – Science and technology of soil management for the production of crop.
• Agrostology – Study of grasses.
• Arthology – Study of joints.
• Apiculture – Reading of honey bee for honey.
• Anthropology – Study of origin, development and relationship between the culture of past and present human.
• Anthology – Study of flower and flowering plant.
• Angiology – Study of blood vascular system including arteries and veins.
• Andrology – Branch of physiology and medicine specially deal with the problem related to male reproductive organ
• Bryology – Study of  Bryophytes.
• Biometrics – Statistical analysis of Biological data.
• Biomedical engineering – Application of engineering for the production and designing of spare part for overcoming various defects in man.  e.g. Ariificial limbs, Iron lung, pacemaker etc.
• Biotechnology – Technology concerned with living beings for wilful manipulation on molecular level.
• Bacteriology – Study of bacteria.
• Cytology – Study of cell
• Cryobiology – It is the Study of effect of low temperature on organisms and their preservation.
• Clone – Clones are genetically identical individual in a population.
• Cardiology – Study of heart.
• Chiropody – Branch of science related with the study of feet.
• Demography – Study of population.
• Diffusion – Random movement of molecule/ ion or gases from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.
• Dermatology – Study of skin.
• Dendrochronology – Counting and analysing annual growth rings of tree to know its age.
• Ecology – Study of inter-relationship between living and their environment.
• Evolution –  Study of origin of life, variation and formation of new species.
• Embryology  –  Study of fertilization of egg, formation of zygote and development of embryo.
• Eugenics – Study of factors connected with the improvement of human race.
• Euthenics – Study of environmental condition that contribute to the improvement of human beings.
• Euphenics – The improvement of phenotypic defect due to genetical abnormality, by altering the environment.
• Ethnology – Study of science dealing with different races of human.
• Ethnology – Study of animal behaviour in their natured habitats.
• Etiology – Study of causative agent of disease.
• Entomology – Study of insects.
• Exobiology – Study of possibility of life in space.
• Floriculture – Cultivation of plant for flower.
• Food technology – Scientific processing, preservation, storage and transportation of food.
• Forensic science – Application of science for analysis of various fact and evidence to identify the cause or the person involve in criminal act.
• Fishery – Catching, breeding, rearing and marketing of fishes.
• Forestry – Development and management of forest.
• Fermentation – Process of incomplete oxidation that occur in microbes and other cells in absence of oxygen, leading to the formation of ethyl alcohol.
• Genetics – Study of variation and transmission of heredity character from parents to their young ones.
• Growth – Permanent increase in weight, volume and size of an organism.
• Genetics Engineering – Manipulation of gene in order to improve the organism.
• Gynecology – Study of female reproductive organ.
• Gastroenterology – Study of alimentary canal or (stomach and intestine ) related disorders.
• Hypertonic – When two solution have different solute concentration. The solution which have higher solute concentration is called hypertonic.
• Hypotonic – In two solutions which have lower solute concentration is called hypotonic
• Homeothermic – Animals who have constant body temperature are called homeothermic or warmblooded animal.
• Histology – Study of tissue organisation and their structure with the help of microscope.
• Hygiene – Science of taking care of health and present, disease, specially through cleanliness.
• Hydroponics – Study of growing plant without soil in water which contain nutrient.
• Haematology – Study of blood in health and disease.
• Hepatology – Study of liver.
• Ichthyology – Study of fishes.
• Immunology – Study of immune system or resistance of body to disease.
• Kalology – Study of human beauty.
• Metazoans – All multicellular animals are called metazoans.
• Monoecious – Plant which have both male and female flower.
• Morphology – Study of external structure of organism.
• Microbiology – Study of micro-organism like virus, bacteria, algae, fungi and protozoa.
• Molecular biology – Study of molecule found in the body of living organism.
• Medicine – Study of treating disease by drug.
• Mammography – Branch of science which deal test for breast cancer.
• Mycology Study of fungi.
• Myrmecology – Study of ant is called myrmecology.
• Mixed farming – Farming alone with animal husbandry.
• Nutrients – Chemical substances taken as food which are necessary for various function, growth and health of living.
• Nanotechnology – The study ‘science of very small’ is known as nanotechnology or manipulation of material and devices on the scale of atomic lavel.
• Neurology – Study of nervous system.
• Neonatology – Medical care of newborn especially the I’ll or premature.
• Nephrology – Study of kidneys.
• Osmosis – Movement of water molecule across semipermeable membrane from the region of its higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.
• Odontology – Study of teeth and gum.
• Osteology – Study of bones.
• Oncology – study of cancer and tumours.
• Obstetrics – Science related with care of pregnant before, during and after child birth.
• Ornithology – Study of birds.
• Ophthalmology – study of eyes.
• Orthopaedics – Diagnosis and repair of disorder of locomotory system.
• Phytoplankton – Microscopic organism which passively float on the surface of water.
• Parasite – Organism which depend on other living organism for their food and shelter and often harm it.
• Poikilothermic – organism which change their body temperature according to surrounding. These are also called cold blooded animal.
• Pigment – A substance which absorb light of certain wavelength like chlorophyll found in green leaves.
• Paleontology – Study of fossile like dinosaurs.
• Physiology – Study of function of various systems of organism.
• Pathology – Study of diseases, effects, causable agents and transmission of pathogens.
• Pomology – Study of fruit and fruit yielding plant.
• Psychiatry – Treatment of mental disorders.
• Psychology – Study of human mind and behaviour.
• Pisciculture – Rearing of fishes.
• Phychology study of algae.
• Paediatrics – Branch of medicine dealing with children.
• Parasitology – Study of parasites.
• Pharmacology – The science which deal with drugs.
• Photobiology – Effect of light on various biological processes.
• Phylogeny – Evolutionary history of organism.
• Physiotherapy – Treatment of body defects through massage and exercise.
• Radiology – Medical science dealing with imaging such as X rays, CT., MRI, PET  for diagnosis and treating diseases in human body.
• Rhinology – Study of nose and olfactory organs.
• Sonography – Study of ultrasound imaging.
• Saurology Study of lizards.
• Serology – Study of serum, interaction of  antigen and antibodies in the blood.
• Sphygmology – Study of pulse and arterial pressure.
• Taxonomy – Study of classification, nomenclature and identification of organism.
• Telepathy – Communication of thoughts or ideas from one mind to another without normal use of senses. In other word this is the process of mental contact.
• Veterinary science – Science of health care and treatment of domestic animals.
• Holstein friesian – It is a non-indigenous breed of cow.
• Primatology – The study of bodies and behaviour of human like species sudh as monkey, apes, orangutan etc.
• Viticulture – Cultivation of grapes.
• Horticulture – Growing vegetable, flowers and fruit for commercial purposes.
• Agriculture – The science and art of cultivating soil, raising crops and rearing livestock.
• Olericutture – Science of growing vegetables deal with the culture of non-woody plant for food.

Also Read,
Biology Syllabus for Government exams
Interphase
Human Health and diseases

FAQs on Biology terms